professor ryan calo, the cases that you noted in your testimony, as you said, were right on point, more or less supreme court talking about gps detection of a suspect, thermal imaging and the like. appears to me there is more to be said when it comes to the question of civil liberties, the prosecution of a crime and the use of this technology. what do you think of the major elements that are unresolved in these court decisions. >> there's a tremendous amount of flexibility in the doctrine so at its core what we're talking about is whether someone has the subject of expectation of privacy that society is prepared to accept as reasonable. we have a bunch of data points that if someone flies over your house or your company or whatever happens to be, helicopter or plane, your expectation of privacy, people in national aerospace, is not reasonable. or we have cases suggesting that fixing gps device to a vehicle is a technically a trespass and i agree there are not directly on point. >> what about red light cameras? i am driving through this intersection and didn't even know it. there's a red